Two of the current challenges facing police agencies are a reduction in resources coupled with the increasing complexity of crime (National Policing Improvement Agency, 2011; Crompton, 2014). Moreover, in many jurisdictions, police are being asked to respond to greater public demand for service than in the past (Fryer, Antony, and Douglas, 2007). Due to this, many police agencies are attempting to improve capability and deliver a better value for taxpayer dollars by improving
overall efficiency and effectiveness (Cohen, Plecas, McCormick, & Peters,2014).
